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    ALKALINE DRY-CELL PATENT
    November 15, 1960 - U.S.A.

    A U.S. patent was issued for an alkaline dry-cell to P.A. Marsal, Karl Kordesch and Lewis F. Urry who assigned it to the Union Carbide Corporation, the manufacturer of Eveready batteries (No. 2,960,558). Compared to the existing carbon-zinc dry-cells, it offered an appreciable increase in life-span and efficiency during heavy continuous drains. Its construction used an alkaline electrolyte, manganese dioxide as depolarizer, a zinc powder-gel anode, and certain additives such including mercury and electrolyte-creep inhibitors. The patent gave practical details for commercial production. The patent claimed that whereas four cells in series of the carbon-zinc type gave 4.5 volts to power a 1.25-amp bulb for 45-min to 1-hr, the new alkaline design gave good brilliance after 6 to 7 hours.

    DRY-CELL PATENT
    November 15, 1887 - U.S.A.

    German scientist, Dr. Carl Gassner, was issued a U.S. patent (No. 373,064), the first in the U.S. for a "dry" cell. Gassner had already patented his invention in Germany (No. 37,758) on 8 Apr 1886, and also in Austria, Belgium, England, France and Hungary in the same year. The sealed zinc shell which contained all the chemicals was also the negative electrode. Later, he improved the shelf life of the battery by adding zinc chloride to the electrolyte to reduce corrosion of the zinc shell. Gassner's battery was much like the carbon-zinc, general-purpose batteries sold today. By 1896, the National Carbide Company (later Union Carbide and Eveready) produced the first consumer dry cell battery. Two years later, the company made the first D cell.

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Website preview thumbnail for : Cigarettes On-line - Interesting Facts
The article is dedicated to the description of the history of cigarettes origination and development. Get to know more about the habit of smoking and read how to purchase cheap cigarettes.
Article Content :The habit of tobacco smoking has a very long history. The influence of tobacco on human brain was noticed long time ago. In the beginning our ancestors used to prefer chewing tobacco leaves, but with time the first cigarettes were created. Everybody knows that smoking is considered to be a bad habit. It was confirmed by pharmaceutical investigations that smoking has a negative effect on our health. Smokers obviously realize this fact very well, but still they prefer to continue smoking. Whatever professionals say it's evident that smoking is more than just a habit, since so many people around the world smoke despite all the negative impact of this habit. Firstly, while you smoke you relax. Smoking is a kind of meditation. It's true that tobacco smoking has an adverse influence on your system, but as soon as you quit smoking all the adverse symptoms will bit by bit fade. But at the same time everyone knows that nerve cells don't renew. This way, smoking assists you in keeping your nervous system sound. Tobacco industry is highly developed at the present time. There are a great variety of tobacco products provided, including cigars, cigarettes and snuff. The difference between cigars and cigarettes is that cigars are commonly stronger and are generally smoked without inhaling. The variety of cigarettes is so great that it's easy to confuse. At any shop you will see cigarette packings of various colors and sizes. There are light and strong cigarettes, thin and regular size, with various flavors. But still it is preferable to choose the cigarettes founding on the brand. Such producers like Marlboro and Parliament are famous all over the world for their high quality. At present time everybody has an opportunity to order cigarettes on-line. It is much more convenient and cheaper than purchasing the same products in the store. First of all, on-line shops do not need to rent an office, that's why the price on their products is lower. What's more, cigarettes in on-line shops are duty free. Moreover, one of the most significant advantages of online stores is that you get your order delivered at your door.

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