CATEGORIES

TODAY IN HISTORY

    DRY-CELL PATENT
    November 15, 1887 - U.S.A.

    German scientist, Dr. Carl Gassner, was issued a U.S. patent (No. 373,064), the first in the U.S. for a "dry" cell. Gassner had already patented his invention in Germany (No. 37,758) on 8 Apr 1886, and also in Austria, Belgium, England, France and Hungary in the same year. The sealed zinc shell which contained all the chemicals was also the negative electrode. Later, he improved the shelf life of the battery by adding zinc chloride to the electrolyte to reduce corrosion of the zinc shell. Gassner's battery was much like the carbon-zinc, general-purpose batteries sold today. By 1896, the National Carbide Company (later Union Carbide and Eveready) produced the first consumer dry cell battery. Two years later, the company made the first D cell.

    ALKALINE DRY-CELL PATENT
    November 15, 1960 - U.S.A.

    A U.S. patent was issued for an alkaline dry-cell to P.A. Marsal, Karl Kordesch and Lewis F. Urry who assigned it to the Union Carbide Corporation, the manufacturer of Eveready batteries (No. 2,960,558). Compared to the existing carbon-zinc dry-cells, it offered an appreciable increase in life-span and efficiency during heavy continuous drains. Its construction used an alkaline electrolyte, manganese dioxide as depolarizer, a zinc powder-gel anode, and certain additives such including mercury and electrolyte-creep inhibitors. The patent gave practical details for commercial production. The patent claimed that whereas four cells in series of the carbon-zinc type gave 4.5 volts to power a 1.25-amp bulb for 45-min to 1-hr, the new alkaline design gave good brilliance after 6 to 7 hours.

MEMBER LOGIN

RANDOM QUOTES

  • No Man is Above the Law
    by Theodore Roosevelt

    "..."No man is above the law and no man is below it; nor do we ask any man's permission when we require him to obey it. Obedience to the law is demanded as a right; not asked as a favor."..."
  • The wealth of the nation
    by Earth Day, Gaylord Nelson

    "...The wealth of the nation is its air, water, soil, forests, minerals, rivers, lakes, oceans, scenic beauty, wildlife habitats and biodiversity that'as all there is. That'as the whole economy. That'as where all the economic activity and jobs come from. These biological systems are the sustaining wealth of the world...."

RANDOM FACTS

  • Drug Abuse
    about Facts about Drugs

    Facts about drugs can protect against drug abuse. Legal drugs, such as alcohol and tobacco, kill more people than illegal drugs. Tobacco (smoking cigarettes) kills more people than any other drug. Illegal drugs including heroin, cannabis, ecstasy and amphetamines can have unknown or dangerous ingredients. Mixing drugs, especially with alcohol, can be fatal. Harvard Medical School
    about Eyesight Myth and Fact

    Myth: Staring at a computer screen all day is harmful to the eyes. Fact: Spending the day staring at a screen can tire or strain your eyes, but it will not hurt them. Make sure lighting doesn't create a glare on your screen. When spending long periods at your keyboard, take a break now and then to rest your eyes to reduce fatigue. Also, don't forget to blink. Your eyes need to stay lubricated to feel comfortable.

Electric Transformers :

Choose Your Color :

ARTICLE INFORMATION :

Do you want to know more about electric transformers? Every home and business is affected by transformers. Businesses use them to get the right power they need. Transformers are use in all high tech equipment. Do you want to know the different types?

ARTICLE CONTENT :

The role of electrical transformers is to switch voltage from one value to another; normally from higher to lower voltage or vice versa. They consist of two sets of coils or windings that are connected to a ferromagnetic core. There are two types of coils?the primary and secondary conductors.

A changing current in the primary conductor produces alternating magnetic fields in the core, which in turn multiples the fields and couples most of the flux with the secondary conductor. This incites the alternating voltage or EMF in each of the secondary conductor.

The cores can be customized as toroidal or laminated. The toroidal has several advantages such as producing low magnetic leakage, close flux path, low noise and smaller core size, lighter and more efficient. They have copper wires wrapped around a cylindrical core preventing leakage of magnetic flux. The magnetic flux is not very influential on other components.

On the other hand, the laminated core is composed of sheets of magnetic material that is insulated from one another with a non-conducting material such as varnish, producing a core that decreases electrical losses.

Electrical transformers can be configured in two ways. You can choose single-phase or three-phase. In switching the voltage level, the principle of magnetic induction between coils is to transfer voltage between coils from the electricity that flows through them. The transformers are passive devices that initiates the transformation of alternating current or AC electrical energy from one circuit into another through electromagnetic induction.

Many homes and businesses have transformers to transfer electricity from power plants. The voltage of the transformers at the power plants is normally high. As they reached the substation, the voltage is lowered. When they reached smaller transformer, the voltage is lowered again. The adjustment in voltage is a continuous process, which only stops when the power reaches the useable level.

The inward voltage of electrical transformers is very crucial. There are three general frequencies that are easy to obtain. These are the 50 Hertz, 60 hertz, and 400 hertz. If you are in Europe, the standard power is 50 hertz. In North America, the average power is 60 hertz. The 400 hertz is set aside for high-capacity purposes like aerospace technologies.

In estimating transformers, it is important to consider power specifications such as highest ratings of the next current, the secondary current ratings, highest power rating, the voltage rating, output type and output choices, such as AC or DC.

Transformers come in several types. There are power transformers, current transformers, step down transformers, low voltage transformers, distribution transformer, instrument transformers, general purpose transformers and automatic transformers.

The power transformers have several configurations based on segments and links. The distribution transformer decrease the primary voltage of the electric distribution system so that it can be used by customer. Auto electrical transformers are smaller in size, weigh less and have better voltage stability as well as overload tolerance.

The manner by which the electrical transformers function has changed. They made life easier for people as they transfer power efficient and more economical. The electricity that is available in your house passes through many different transformers before it is usable as a low voltage.

ARTICLE SPONSOR :

  • Relectric
    Are you looking for electrical transformers? We have a great supply of transformers at relectric. We specialize in making custom transformers for you. We have a variety of brands and you will find the right one.

ARTICLE STATISTICS :

  • 4178Article ID :
  • Rudy SilvaOwner :
  • Free Articles / LifetimeArticle Type
  • November 30, 2014Date Added :
  • NeverExpires :
  • 0Average User Rating :
  • 0Total User Votes :
  • 0Reviews :

RATE ARTICLE :

Please rate this link article.
You must be logged in to be able to rate an article.

USER COMMENTS :

No user reviews have yet been made or approved for this article.

You must be logged in to be able to leave a comment.