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TODAY IN HISTORY

    ALKALINE DRY-CELL PATENT
    November 15, 1960 - U.S.A.

    A U.S. patent was issued for an alkaline dry-cell to P.A. Marsal, Karl Kordesch and Lewis F. Urry who assigned it to the Union Carbide Corporation, the manufacturer of Eveready batteries (No. 2,960,558). Compared to the existing carbon-zinc dry-cells, it offered an appreciable increase in life-span and efficiency during heavy continuous drains. Its construction used an alkaline electrolyte, manganese dioxide as depolarizer, a zinc powder-gel anode, and certain additives such including mercury and electrolyte-creep inhibitors. The patent gave practical details for commercial production. The patent claimed that whereas four cells in series of the carbon-zinc type gave 4.5 volts to power a 1.25-amp bulb for 45-min to 1-hr, the new alkaline design gave good brilliance after 6 to 7 hours.

    DRY-CELL PATENT
    November 15, 1887 - U.S.A.

    German scientist, Dr. Carl Gassner, was issued a U.S. patent (No. 373,064), the first in the U.S. for a "dry" cell. Gassner had already patented his invention in Germany (No. 37,758) on 8 Apr 1886, and also in Austria, Belgium, England, France and Hungary in the same year. The sealed zinc shell which contained all the chemicals was also the negative electrode. Later, he improved the shelf life of the battery by adding zinc chloride to the electrolyte to reduce corrosion of the zinc shell. Gassner's battery was much like the carbon-zinc, general-purpose batteries sold today. By 1896, the National Carbide Company (later Union Carbide and Eveready) produced the first consumer dry cell battery. Two years later, the company made the first D cell.

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Whipsaws In The Market :

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ARTICLE INFORMATION :

A whipsaw is a representation of profit-taking going on in the market.

ARTICLE CONTENT :

One of the factors to consider when trading with stop-losses is whipsaws. Whipsaw is the name given to the tiny and regular market movements during trends. For example, when a share is in an overall bull trend, it will periodically turn over and fall in price for a couple of days, before resuming it's general upwards trend. This is a whipsaw. A whipsaw is a representation of profit-taking going on in the market.

People who have made a good profit on the share after it has had a strong rally up are now selling to realise that profit. Their selling pressure temporarily halts the upward bull trend. The market absorbs these sellers with an abundance of buyers and then the share continues its bull run. Whipsaws exist in bear markets too. One of the threats of using stop losses is the risk of being; Whipsawed-out; of the market.

If the whipsaw is greater than your stop loss, then you may end up selling before the share reaches its actual peak. This is just one of the realities of share trading. It will definitely happen to you. It happens to the best of us. All you can do is to develop a series of selling strategies to complement your stop loss. Serious traders have been known to use up to and over 5 different selling indicators on each trade. All indicators must be positive before they will sell the share. Even then, it only improves their trading, it doesn't make it 100% reliable. For most people, though, just using a stop loss will go a long way to improving their trading results.

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