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TODAY IN HISTORY

    ALKALINE DRY-CELL PATENT
    November 15, 1960 - U.S.A.

    A U.S. patent was issued for an alkaline dry-cell to P.A. Marsal, Karl Kordesch and Lewis F. Urry who assigned it to the Union Carbide Corporation, the manufacturer of Eveready batteries (No. 2,960,558). Compared to the existing carbon-zinc dry-cells, it offered an appreciable increase in life-span and efficiency during heavy continuous drains. Its construction used an alkaline electrolyte, manganese dioxide as depolarizer, a zinc powder-gel anode, and certain additives such including mercury and electrolyte-creep inhibitors. The patent gave practical details for commercial production. The patent claimed that whereas four cells in series of the carbon-zinc type gave 4.5 volts to power a 1.25-amp bulb for 45-min to 1-hr, the new alkaline design gave good brilliance after 6 to 7 hours.

    DRY-CELL PATENT
    November 15, 1887 - U.S.A.

    German scientist, Dr. Carl Gassner, was issued a U.S. patent (No. 373,064), the first in the U.S. for a "dry" cell. Gassner had already patented his invention in Germany (No. 37,758) on 8 Apr 1886, and also in Austria, Belgium, England, France and Hungary in the same year. The sealed zinc shell which contained all the chemicals was also the negative electrode. Later, he improved the shelf life of the battery by adding zinc chloride to the electrolyte to reduce corrosion of the zinc shell. Gassner's battery was much like the carbon-zinc, general-purpose batteries sold today. By 1896, the National Carbide Company (later Union Carbide and Eveready) produced the first consumer dry cell battery. Two years later, the company made the first D cell.

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Sunless Tans: Dark or Natural :

Choose Your Color :

ARTICLE INFORMATION :

Clients looking for an airbrush spray tan want to have the darkest possible color. But that may not be the right choice for their skin type. The first thing we need to do is to take a deep cleansing breath.

ARTICLE CONTENT :

Dark or Natural
Article written June 1, 2010

As summer approaches we hear more requests from our clients that they want to receive the darkest possible sunless tan. Even though it's June, this sends shivers down our spines. As technicians, we want to accommodate our customers but know that darker shades or over spraying your client is not the answer.

The first thing we need to do is to take a deep cleansing breath. Remember the goal of a sunless tan is to look pretty and natural. Advise your clients that a darker level of solution may not look natural on certain skin tones.

Understanding How DHA Works:
The primary ingredient in all sunless solutions is DHA (Dihydroxyacetone). DHA reacts with the amino acids on the epidermis causing a bronzed color to appear. In other words, DHA adheres to the dead skin cells. As the cells begin to shed so does the DHA attached to it.

All sunless solutions contain a certain percentage of DHA. Professional grade solutions can range anywhere from 5% to 12%. A higher percent of DHA will produce a deeper result. Keep in mind the more DHA concentration in the solution the more the color changes from a golden brown to a red brown.

You cannot apply a deeper color by over-spraying your clients. Skin can only absorb a certain amount of solution in a single session. Over-spraying your clients will only waste your solution. In addition, using too high a percent of DHA on lighter skin will produce an unnatural color and have patchy fading.

Many solutions add a temporary bronzer to their solution. DHA take between 4 to 8 hours to fully develop on the skin. Temporary bronzers allow the technician to see where the solution is being applied and gives the client sees immediate color. The bronzer will wash off during the first shower.

Why Are Sol Potion Solutions Unique:
Our solutions were developed to allow the technician to use as is, or blend any combination of the four levels to personalize a shade for your clients. Many of our salons and spas create their own ?beauty bar of shades. By blending your own shades you can make colors that truly match your client's skin tone making it the most natural looking tan for their skin type. These can be premixed and ready for a client session or prepared at the session.

When you have the flexibility of using the proper colors on your clients, they will love the results and keep coming back for more. This will make you stand out over your competition.

ARTICLE SPONSOR :

  • Sol Potion
    Sol Potion® is considered a pioneer in the airbrush tanning industry.

ARTICLE STATISTICS :

  • 3544Article ID :
  • Michele MajorOwner :
  • Free Articles / LifetimeArticle Type
  • July 27, 2010Date Added :
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