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TODAY IN HISTORY

    FIRST U.S. PATENT
    July 31, 1790 - USA

    Patent was granted to Samuel Hopkins of Vermont for a process for making potash and pearl ashes. Potash was important as an ingredient in soap and fertilizer. The patent was granted for a term of 14 years and signed by President George Washington, who had the previous month signed the first U.S. patent statute into law on 10 April 1790. Hopkins did not get Patent with a serial No.1 as thousands of patents were issued before the Patent Office began to number them. Congress had passed the Patent Act on 10 Apr 1790. Two other patents were granted that year - one for a new candle-making process and the other the flour-milling machinery of Oliver Evans. The next year, 1791, Samuel Hopkins also was granted the first Canadian patent.

    IRON RAILWAY BRIDGE COLLAPSE
    July 31, 1849 - Pennsylvania, USA

    Near Mast Hope, Pennsylvania, collapsed as a stock train was crossing. The engineer heard a loud cracking, pulled the throttle wide open, and succeeded in getting the engine across in safety. However, the rest of the train fell into the deep ravine of the Westcolang Creek along with the wrecked bridge. A brakeman and two stockmen lost their lives. The New York and Erie Railroad had that year experimented by building three iron bridges, including the one that failed. In 1850, an article in the Scientific American magazine reported that the company, having lost confidence in iron bridges, would tear down the two remaining and replace them with wooden structures.

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RANDOM QUOTES

  • Until a man duplicates a blade of grass
    by Earth Day, Thomas Alva Edison Inventor

    "...Until a man duplicates a blade of grass, Nature can laugh at his so-called scientific knowledge. Remedies from chemicals will never stand in favorable comparison with the products of Nature, the living cell of a plant, the final result of the rays of the sun, the mother of all life...."
  • The wealth of the nation
    by Earth Day, Gaylord Nelson

    "...The wealth of the nation is its air, water, soil, forests, minerals, rivers, lakes, oceans, scenic beauty, wildlife habitats and biodiversity that'as all there is. That'as the whole economy. That'as where all the economic activity and jobs come from. These biological systems are the sustaining wealth of the world...."

RANDOM FACTS

  • More vehicles
    about Stolen On New Year's

    More vehicles are stolen on New Year's Day than any other holiday throughout the year. (So does that mean thieves are having their last fling before changing their ways or are they trying for a big score to start the New Year?) Harvard Medical School
    about Eyesight Myth and Fact

    Myth: Staring at a computer screen all day is harmful to the eyes. Fact: Spending the day staring at a screen can tire or strain your eyes, but it will not hurt them. Make sure lighting doesn't create a glare on your screen. When spending long periods at your keyboard, take a break now and then to rest your eyes to reduce fatigue. Also, don't forget to blink. Your eyes need to stay lubricated to feel comfortable.

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ARTICLE INFORMATION :

The article concentrates upon digital music downloads, in particular online music download options, including the cost, the listening rights, audio format and quality of downloads.

ARTICLE CONTENT :

There are a great many online services that offer online music. Some sites charge per online music download, whereas other services offer to pay a monthly fee for a limitless number of music downloads. It has been estimated that compact disc sales are in decline (19% in the last few years), and online music download sales are speedily increasing. Revenues from digital music sales are reported to have virtually tripled last year, with Apple's iTunes accounting for more than 85 percent of single song downloads. Nevertheless, the figures do not make Apple the sole source of digital music. Today, legal music download sites account for approximately 6% of record studios' revenues, which is a growth compared to the situation observed a couple of years ago.

Music download sites come in two types: 'rent' and 'buy' websites. 'Rent' sites are music sites involving a monthly fee paid to gain access to the whole music catalogue. 'Buy' services charge per download - iTunes, for example - where a soundtrack can be burned onto a CD once it is paid for. The CD can then be ripped to the pc. Some digital music services offer to pay a monthly fee for limitless listening rights, but also charge to purchase a song. Some digital music download sites charge 9 cents per track. In addition, these sites have tracks that can be downloaded in any format and quality level.

Sometimes music download websites are so cheap and user-friendly that a great many Internet users decide to download songs from these websites instead of ripping CD collections onto the personal computer. For any person downloading songs onto an iPod or iTunes, it is probably the optimum option. For any music not being downloaded onto an iPod, any other music source will work. When seeking the optimum quality music downloads, one should look for music download websites offering the largest choice of music that is updated on a regular basis, and excellent quality downloads. Commonly, the price is directly dependent on quality. In this case, a question arises: Is it worth spending extra money? The answer is typically 'Yes'.

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