In what would become known as "The Night of the Long Knives." (1934) More than 85 people were killed — though some estimates are actually in the hundreds — during the three-day "purge." This act of violence helped further solidify Hitler's political position and his rise to power.

Ansar Dine Islamists have damaged shrines of Muslim saints in the city of Timbuktu. Islamists think of the shrines as idolatrous and are said to have damaged the mausoleum of Sidi Mahmoud, one of sixteen shrines in the city.